Uses of Melocin: - Bacterial infections Chronic bronchitis, Otitis media, Bacterial Conjunctivitis, Urinary tract infections, Surgical Prophylaxis, Otitis externa Hypersensitivity to the drug or other quinolones; children <18 yr; pregnancy and lactation.

4-Quinolone preparations, Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs

Lomefloxacin, a difluorinated quinolone derivative, is a bacterial gyrase inhibitor, effective against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The acute toxicity of Lomefloxacin following systemic and topical ophthalmic application is low. Lomefloxacin interferes with bacterial DNA related processes like initiation, elongation, and termination phases of replication, transcription, DNA repairing, recombination, transposition, supercoiling and relaxation of DNA. The target molecule for quinolones is the A-subunit of bacterial enzyme gyrase (topoisomerase II). The forming of a stable complex between the quinolone and the whole gyrase teramer A2B2 leads to impaired enzyme functions, resulting in a rapid killing of sensitive bacteria.Cross-resistance has only been reported with other quinolones, but not with any other group of antibiotics. No clinical studies are available about the efficacy in cases of infections with chlamydia.

How to use Lomefloxacin: Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Lomefloxacin may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time. Administration: May be taken with or without food. Adult Dose: Oral Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis Adult: 400 mg once daily for 10 days. Uncomplicated urinary tract infections Adult: 400 mg once daily. Due to E. coli: For 3 successive days. Due to K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis or S. saprophyticus: For 10 successive days. Complicated urinary tract infections Adult: Due to E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis or P. aeruginosa: 400 mg once daily for 14 successive days. Prophylaxis of surgical infections Adult: 400 mg as a single dose 1-6 hr before procedure. Renal Dose: Renal impairment: Haemodialysis: Initially, 400 mg daily. Maintenance: 200 mg daily. CrCl (ml/min) Dosage Recommendation 10-40 Initially, 400 mg daily. Maintenance: 200 mg daily.

Reduced bioavailability with sucralfate, antacids containing magnesium or aluminium, vitamin or mineral supplements containing iron. Increased serum levels with cimetidine. Potential increase in serum levels of ciclosporin. Renal elimination reduced with probenecid. Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with class IA (quinidine, procainamide) or class III (amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic agents.

Hypersensitivity to the drug or other quinolones; children <18 yr; pregnancy and lactation.

Common - Headache - Dizziness - Nausea - Constipation - Diarrhea Nausea, abdominal pain or discomfort, diarrhoea; headache, dizziness, insomnia; rash, pruritus, photosensitivity; thrombocytopenia. Potentially Fatal: Anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions.

Animal studies revealed that after systemic use of 20 mg/kg, Lomefloxacin passes the placenta barrier and is excreted into the maternal milk. Clinical studies on the use of Lomefloxacin eye drops during human pregnancy or lactation are not available. Therefore, the drug should only be used when the benefit outweighs the potential risk for the foetus or the infant.

Precaution: Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight or artificial UV light. Known or suspected CNS disorders e.g. severe cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy or other factors that predispose to seizures. Avoid in patients with known QT prolongation, uncorrected hypokalaemia. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Renal impairment.

Practically there is no risk of adverse effects due to accidental oral ingestion, since a bottle of 5 ml eye drop solution contains only 15 mg Lomefloxacin. This corresponds to 3.75% of the recommended oral daily dose for adults of 400 mg Lomefloxacin.

Store at 15-25° C

4-Quinolone preparations, Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs

Lomefloxacin promotes breakage of double-stranded DNA in susceptible organisms and inhibits DNA gyrase, which is essential in reproduction of bacterial DNA.

Animal studies revealed that after systemic use of 20 mg/kg, Lomefloxacin passes the placenta barrier and is excreted into the maternal milk. Clinical studies on the use of Lomefloxacin eye drops during human pregnancy or lactation are not available. Therefore, the drug should only be used when the benefit outweighs the potential risk for the foetus or the infant.