Uses of Aceten 100 Powder for Solution: - Respiratory disease with excessive mucus Oral As a mucolytic Adult: As effervescent granules or tablets: 200 mg tid. Paracetamol poisoning Adult: After gastric lavage or induction of emesis with ipecac syrup, admin loading dose of 140 mg/kg, followed by maintenance doses of 70 mg/kg every 4 hr for a total of 17 doses. 1st maintenance dose to be given 4 hr after the loading dose. Repeat dose if the patient vomits within 1 hr of admin. Continue therapy until paracetamol levels are not detectable and there is no evidence of hepatotoxicity. Inhalation As a mucolytic Adult: 3-5 ml of a 20% solution or 6-10 ml of a 10% solution 3-4 times daily by nebulising through a face mask, mouth piece or tracheostomy. May increase to 1-10 ml of a 20% solution or 2-20 ml of a 10% solution every 2-6 hr if needed. Endotracheal As a mucolytic Adult: Instill 1-2 ml of a 10-20% solution as often as every hrly. Oral As a mucolytic Child: As effervescent granules or tablets: 2-7 yr: 200 mg bid; <2 yr: 200 mg daily. Paracetamol poisoning Child: After gastric lavage or induction of emesis with ipecac syrup, admin loading dose of 140 mg/kg, followed by maintenance doses of 70 mg/kg every 4 hr for a total of 17 doses. 1st maintenance dose to be given 4 hr after the loading dose. Repeat dose if the patient vomits within 1 hr of admin. Continue therapy until paracetamol levels are not detectable and there is no evidence of hepatotoxicity. Inhalation As a mucolytic Child: 3-5 ml of a 20% solution or 6-10 ml of a 10% solution 3-4 times daily by nebulising through a face mask, mouth piece or tracheostomy. May increase to 1-10 ml of a 20% solution or 2-20 ml of a 10% solution every 2-6 hr if needed. Endotracheal As a mucolytic Child: Instill 1-2 ml of a 10-20% solution as often as every hrly.

Antidote preparations, Cough expectorants & mucolytics

Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent that reduces the viscosity of secretions probably by the splitting of disulphide bonds in mucoproteins. Moreover it gives antisecretory effect. These results in clearing of respiratory ducts and facilitate breathing. Acetylcysteine also has anti-oxidant properties by reacting with free radicals and also by serving as a precursor to glutathione, which is an important intra and extra-cellular antioxidant. By providing anti-oxidant action, it neutralizes exogenous and endogenous oxidants, which in fact act as pathogens in respiratory inflammations.

How to use Acetylcysteine: Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Acetylcysteine may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time. Administration: Drug stability and safety of acetylcysteine when mixed with other drugs in a nebulizer have not been established. Adult Dose: Asthmatic patients, history of bronchospasm, peptic ulceration. Pregnancy, lactation. Lactation: Unknown whether agent is excreted in milk; use with caution. Renal Dose: Acetylcysteine may decrease the viscosity of secretions by splitting of disulphide bonds in mucoproteins. It also promotes the detoxification of an intermediate paracetamol metabolite which is used in the management of paracetamol overdosage.

Acetylcysteine is contraindicated in those patients who are sensitive to it.

Oral As a mucolytic Child: As effervescent granules or tablets: 2-7 yr: 200 mg bid; <2 yr: 200 mg daily. Paracetamol poisoning Child: After gastric lavage or induction of emesis with ipecac syrup, admin loading dose of 140 mg/kg, followed by maintenance doses of 70 mg/kg every 4 hr for a total of 17 doses. 1st maintenance dose to be given 4 hr after the loading dose. Repeat dose if the patient vomits within 1 hr of admin. Continue therapy until paracetamol levels are not detectable and there is no evidence of hepatotoxicity. Inhalation As a mucolytic Child: 3-5 ml of a 20% solution or 6-10 ml of a 10% solution 3-4 times daily by nebulising through a face mask, mouth piece or tracheostomy. May increase to 1-10 ml of a 20% solution or 2-20 ml of a 10% solution every 2-6 hr if needed. Endotracheal As a mucolytic Child: Instill 1-2 ml of a 10-20% solution as often as every hrly.

Common - Fever - Nausea - Vomiting - Rash - Gastrointestinal discomfort

The US Food and Drug Administration has classified Acetylcysteine as category B medicine for pregnant women. Acetylcysteine should only be used in pregnant women when clearly needed.

Precaution: Tuberculosis, Chronic emphysema, Paracetamol poisoning, Bronchiectasis, Pneumonia, Atelectasis, Cystic fibrosis, Tracheostomy care, during anaesthesia

Overdose of Acetylcysteine may cause nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea.

Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.

Antidote preparations, Cough expectorants & mucolytics

Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent that reduces the viscosity of secretions probably by the splitting of disulphide bonds in mucoproteins. Moreover it gives antisecretory effect. These results in clearing of respiratory ducts and facilitate breathing. Acetylcysteine also has anti-oxidant properties by reacting with free radicals and also by serving as a precursor to glutathione, which is an important intra and extra-cellular antioxidant. By providing anti-oxidant action, it neutralizes exogenous and endogenous oxidants, which in fact act as pathogens in respiratory inflammations.

Flushing, fever, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, rhinorrhoea, bronchospasm, anaphylactoid reactions, rashes. Rarely, blurred vision, bradycardia, syncope, thrombocytopenia, convulsions. Potentially Fatal: Rarely, respiratory or cardiac arrest.